Fig 2: The influence of PSTPIP1 and PILRA on immune infiltration and prognosis in LUAD. Violin plots showing (A) the immune score in samples with low or high expression of PSTPIP1 and PILRA. GSVA-derived clustering heat maps of differentially infiltrated immune cell populations between the high and low expression groups of (B) PSTPIP1 and (C) PILRA. Only lymphocytes with log(fold change) > 0.2 are shown. The influence of (D) PSTPIP1 and (E) PILRA on the overall survival time of LUAD patients. The yellow line indicates samples with highly expressed genes and the blue line indicates samples with lowly expressed genes. Violin plots showing (F) the expression of PSTPIP1 and PILRA in the LUAD patients with different responses to nivolumab (including five responders and five nonresponders) and (G) the expression of PSTPIP1 in SKCM mice with different responses to anti–PD-L1 treatment (including 27 responders and 23 nonresponders). ns indicates p = 0.05, **p < 0.01, ****p < 0.0001.

Fig 3: Histopathological examples of PSTPIP1/PILRA expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in LUAD. (A) PSTPIP1 and PILRA expression is demonstrated by brown staining, and the bar plot shows the average optical density of PSTPIP1 and PILRA in the PD-L1–positive or PD-L1–negative LUAD tissue samples. (B) The TILs are displayed as purple spots in hematoxylin and eosin staining, and bar plots show the stromal TILs in tissue samples with high and low PSTPIP1/PILRA expressions. *p < 0.05.